ʻO nā microorganism āu e ʻike ʻole ai ke lilo nei i mea ikaika hou i ka mālama ʻana i ka wai

ʻO ka hoʻohana ʻana i ka ʻenehana microbial no ka mālama ʻana i ke kaona o ke kūlanakauhale a me ke kua'āina he haʻahaʻa ka hoʻohana ʻana i ka ikehu, kiʻekiʻe ka maikaʻi, ka liʻiliʻi o ke koena sludge, ka hana kūpono a me ka hoʻokele, a hiki ke hoʻokō i ka hoʻihoʻi phosphorus a me ka hana hou ʻana i ka wai i mālama ʻia. I kēia manawa, ua ulu mālie ka ʻenehana microbial i kahi ala kūpono e hoʻoponopono ai i nā pilikia kūlohelohe koʻikoʻi e like me ka pollution wai.

He kumu waiwai nui ka wai no ka ulu mau ʻana o ke kaiāulu. Me ka hoʻomohala ʻana o ke kūlanakauhale a me ka holomua o ka ʻoihana, ʻoi aku ka nui o nā mea haumia i paʻakikī ke hoʻoneʻe ʻia e komo i loko o ke kaiapuni wai maoli, e hoʻopilikia ana i ka maikaʻi o ka wai a hopena i ke olakino kanaka.

Ua hōʻike ka hana lōʻihi i ka hiki ʻole i nā ʻano hana lapaʻau kuʻuna ke hoʻokō i nā pono hoʻoneʻe o nā mea haumia wai e kū nei, no laila ʻo ka noiʻi a me ka hoʻomohala ʻana i nā ʻenehana lapaʻau hou a maikaʻi ka hana nui o kēia manawa.

Ua hoʻokipa ka ʻenehana lapaʻau microbial i ka manaʻo o nā loea he nui ma ka home a ma waho ma muli o kāna mau pono e like me ka hopena maikaʻi o ka pollutant lapaʻau, kiʻekiʻe enrichment rate of dominant strains, kiʻekiʻe microbial activity, ikaika kū'ē i ke kaiapuni keakea, haʻahaʻa kumu kūʻai waiwai a me ka hoʻohana hou. Me ka hoʻomohala ʻana o ka ʻenehana, ua hoʻohana nui ʻia nā microorganisms hiki ke "ʻai i ka pollution" ma ke kahua o ka mālama ʻana i ka wai.

Loaʻa i ka ʻenehana microbial nā mea maikaʻi i ka mālama ʻana i ka lepo o ke kūlanakauhale a me ke kua'āina

ʻO ka pollution wai ka mea maʻamau i ka emi ʻana o ka maikaʻi o ka wai a me ka hōʻemi ʻana i ka waiwai hoʻohana wai ma muli o nā kumu kanaka. ʻO nā mea hoʻohaumia nui ʻo ia ka ʻōpala paʻa, ka mea aerobic organic, refractory organic matter, heavy metals, mea kanu mea kanu, acid, alkali a me nā mea ʻaila a me nā mea kemika ʻē aʻe.

I kēia manawa, hoʻokaʻawale ka hoʻomaʻemaʻe wai kuʻuna i nā mea haumia ʻole ma o nā ʻano kino e like me ka gravity sedimentation, coagulation clarification, buoyancy, centrifugal separation, magnetic separation, a i ʻole hoʻololi i nā mea haumia ma o nā ʻano kemika e like me ka neutralization acid-base, chemical precipitation, oxidation-reduction, etc. .

Eia nō naʻe, ma waena o kēia mau ʻano kuʻuna, ʻo nā mea kanu lapaʻau e hoʻohana ana i nā ʻano kino no ka mālama ʻana i ka wai e noho maʻamau i kahi wahi nui, he kiʻekiʻe ka ʻoihana a me nā kumukūʻai hana, kiʻekiʻe ka hoʻohana ʻana i ka ikehu, hoʻokele paʻakikī, a hiki i ka pehu ʻana. ʻAʻole hiki i nā mea hana ke hoʻokō i nā koi o ka hana kiʻekiʻe a me ka hoʻohana haʻahaʻa; He kiʻekiʻe nā kumukūʻai hana kemika, hoʻopau i ka nui o nā reagents kemika, a hiki i ka pollution lua.

ʻO ka hoʻohana ʻana i ka ʻenehana microbial no ka mālama ʻana i ke kaona o ke kūlanakauhale a me ke kua'āina he haʻahaʻa ka hoʻohana ʻana i ka ikehu, kiʻekiʻe ka maikaʻi, ka liʻiliʻi o ke koena sludge, ka hana kūpono a me ka hoʻokele, a hiki ke hoʻokō i ka hoʻihoʻi phosphorus a me ka hana hou ʻana i ka wai i mālama ʻia. Ua ʻōlelo ʻo Wang Meixia, he kumu ma ka Inner Mongolia Baotou Light Industry Vocational and Technical College ka mea i hana i ka bioengineering a me ka noiʻi hoʻokele kaiapuni no ka manawa lōʻihi, ua hoʻomohala mālie ka ʻenehana microbial i mea kūpono e hoʻoponopono ai i nā pilikia kūlohelohe e like me ka wai. haumia.

Loaʻa nā microorganism liʻiliʻi i nā hana mana i ka "kaua hoʻomaʻamaʻa"

I ka Makahiki Hou o ka Makahiki o ke Tiga, ua akaka ma hope o ka hau ma Caohai, Weining, Guizhou. Hula nani nā haneli ʻāʻī ʻeleʻele ma ka loko. ʻO nā hui geese hina i kekahi manawa lele haʻahaʻa a pāʻani i ka wai i kekahi manawa. Holo a hahai nā ʻEgrets ma kahakai, e ʻimi ana i ka poʻe e hele ana e kū. E nānā, kiʻi i nā kiʻi a me nā wikiō. ʻO Weining Caohai kahi loko wai maʻamau maʻamau a ʻo ka loko wai kūlohelohe nui loa ma Guizhou. I nā makahiki i hala iho nei, me ka piʻi ʻana o ka heluna kanaka a me ka hana pinepine ʻana o ke kanaka, ua kokoke ʻo Weining Caohai i ka nalo ʻana, a ua lilo ke kino wai i eutrophic.

ʻO ka hui i alakaʻi ʻia e Zhou Shaoqi, Hope Pelekikena o Guizhou University, ua lanakila ma luna o nā pilikia insurmountable lōʻihi i ke kula o ka noiʻi denitrification biological i ka honua, a me ka mākaukau hoʻohana microbial denitrification ʻenehana e hāʻawi iā Caohai i kahi hoʻolimalima hou o ke ola. Ma ka manawa like, hoʻolaha pū ka hui o Zhou Shaoqi i ka hoʻohana ʻana i nā ʻenehana hou a me ka ʻenekinia i nā māla o ka wai hoʻoheheʻe kūlanakauhale, ka ʻaila hoʻomaʻemaʻe wai ʻino, ka leachate landfill a me nā ʻōpala kuaʻāina, a loaʻa i nā hopena kupaianaha i ka hoʻomalu ʻana i ka pollution.

I ka makahiki 2016, ua hoʻohewa ʻia nā kino wai ʻeleʻele a pilau o Xiaohe a me Leifeng ma Changsha High-tech Zone. Ua hoʻohana ʻo Hunan Sanyou Environmental Protection Technology Co., Ltd. i ka ʻōnaehana hoʻōla microbial wai e hoʻopau i ka pilikia ʻeleʻele a me ka pilau ma ka muliwai Xiaohe i hoʻokahi mahina a me ka hapa wale nō, e kaulana ai ka ʻenehana microbial. "Ma ka hoʻoikaika pono ʻana i nā microorganisms wai a hoʻomau iā lākou e hoʻonui i nā helu nui, hoʻonohonoho hou mākou, hoʻomaikaʻi a hoʻomaikaʻi i ka kaiaola microbial wai a hoʻihoʻi i ka hiki ke hoʻomaʻemaʻe ponoʻī i ke kino wai," wahi a Kauka Yi Jing o ka hui.

ʻO Coincidentally, ma ka West Lake Garden o Changhai New Village, Yangpu District, Shanghai, i loko o kahi loko i uhi ʻia e nā limu uliuli nui, ua lilo ka wai lepo ʻōmaʻomaʻo turbid i kahawai no ka iʻa e ʻauʻau ai, a me ka maikaʻi o ka wai o ka loko. ua hoʻololi ʻia mai ka ʻino ma mua o ka Māhele 5 a i ka Māhele 2 a i ʻole 3. ʻO ka mea i hana i kēia hana mana he ʻenehana hou i hoʻomohala ʻia e ka Pūʻulu ʻenehana Hou Environment o ke Kulanui ʻo Tongji - ka ʻōnaehana hoʻonā wai microbial. Ua hoʻohana pū ʻia kēia ʻenehana i ka 300,000-square-mika Haidong Wetland ecological restoration and clean project ma ke kahakai hikina o Dianchi Lake ma Yunnan.

I ka makahiki 2024, ua hoʻokumu koʻu ʻāina i kekahi mau kulekele e pili ana i ka mālama ʻana i ka wai e hoʻoikaika ai i ka hoʻohana ʻana i nā kumuwaiwai wai. Ua hoʻonui ʻia ka hiki ke hoʻomaʻemaʻe ʻia i ka makahiki, a ua hoʻonui ʻia ka hoʻopukapuka ʻana i ka hoʻomaʻamaʻa ʻana i nā ʻoihana. I kēia manawa, me ka hoʻololi ʻana o nā mea ʻepekema a me ka ʻenehana a me ka piʻi ʻana o kekahi mau ʻoihana hoʻokele kaiapuni kūloko o ka home, e hoʻohana nui ʻia ka mālama ʻana i ka wai ʻona microbial i nā ʻano like ʻole e like me ke kūkulu ʻana, ka mahiʻai, ka lawe ʻana, ka ikehu, ka petrochemical, ka palekana o ke kaiapuni, ke kūlanakauhale. ʻāina, mālama lāʻau lapaʻau, etc.