Microorganisme udashobora kubona ihinduka imbaraga nshya mugutunganya imyanda

Gukoresha tekinoroji ya mikorobe mu gutunganya imyanda yo mu mijyi no mu cyaro ikoresha ingufu nke, ikora neza, umubare muto w’ibisigazwa bisigaye, gukora neza no kuyicunga, kandi irashobora no kugera kuri fosifore no gutunganya amazi yatunganijwe. Kugeza ubu, tekinoroji ya mikorobe yagiye itera imbere mu buryo bunoze bwo gukemura ibibazo by’ibidukikije nk’umwanda w’amazi.

Amazi ni umutungo w'ingenzi mu iterambere rirambye ry'umuryango. Hamwe niterambere ryimijyi hamwe niterambere ryinganda, imyanda myinshi kandi myinshi igoye kuyikuramo yinjira mumazi karemano, bigira ingaruka kumiterere yamazi kandi amaherezo bikaba byangiza ubuzima bwabantu.

Imyitozo y'igihe kirekire yerekanye ko uburyo bwa gakondo bwo gutunganya imyanda bidashobora guhura n’ibikenewe byo kuvanaho imyanda ihumanya amazi, bityo ubushakashatsi no guteza imbere ikoranabuhanga rishya kandi ryiza ryo gutunganya nicyo gikorwa nyamukuru.

Tekinoroji yo kuvura mikorobe yakuruye intiti nyinshi mu gihugu ndetse no hanze yarwo kubera ibyiza byayo nk'ingaruka nziza yo kuvura umwanda, umuvuduko ukungahaye ku moko yiganje, ibikorwa bya mikorobe nyinshi, kurwanya cyane kwivanga mu bidukikije, amafaranga make mu bukungu no kongera gukoreshwa. Iterambere ry’ikoranabuhanga, ibinyabuzima bishobora "kurya umwanda" byagiye bikoreshwa buhoro buhoro mu bijyanye no gutunganya imyanda.

Ikoranabuhanga rya mikorobe rifite ibyiza bigaragara mu gutunganya imyanda yo mu mijyi no mu cyaro

Guhumanya amazi mubisanzwe bivuga kwangirika kwubwiza bwamazi no kugabanya agaciro k’amazi yatewe nimpamvu zabantu. Ibyuka bihumanya cyane birimo imyanda ikomeye, ibinyabuzima byo mu kirere, ibinyabuzima byangiritse, ibyuma biremereye, intungamubiri z’ibimera, aside, alkali n’ibikomoka kuri peteroli n’ibindi bintu bya shimi.

Kugeza ubu, gutunganya imyanda gakondo haba gutandukanya imyanda idashonga binyuze muburyo bwumubiri nko kugabanuka kwingufu za rukuruzi, gusobanura coagulation, buoyancy, gutandukanya centrifugal, gutandukanya magnetique, cyangwa guhindura imyanda ihumanya hakoreshejwe uburyo bwa chimique nko kutabogama kwa acide, kugwa kwa chimique, kugabanya okiside, nibindi. . Byongeye kandi, umwanda ushonga mumazi urashobora gutandukana ukoresheje adsorption, ion guhana, gutandukanya membrane, guhumeka, gukonja, nibindi.

Nyamara, muri ubu buryo gakondo, ibihingwa bitunganya bikoresha uburyo bwumubiri bwo gutunganya imyanda mubisanzwe bifata ahantu hanini, bifite ibikorwa remezo byinshi nigiciro cyo gukora, gukoresha ingufu nyinshi, gucunga neza, kandi bikunda kubyimba. Ibikoresho ntibishobora kuzuza ibisabwa byo gukora neza no gukoresha bike; uburyo bwa chimique bufite amafaranga menshi yo gukora, butwara imiti myinshi yimiti, kandi bikunda kwanduzwa kabiri.

Gukoresha tekinoroji ya mikorobe mu gutunganya imyanda yo mu mijyi no mu cyaro ikoresha ingufu nke, ikora neza, umubare muto w’ibisigazwa bisigaye, gukora neza no kuyicunga, kandi irashobora no kugera kuri fosifore no gutunganya amazi yatunganijwe. Wang Meixia, umwarimu muri Koleji y’imbere y’imyuga n’imyuga ya Mongoliya Baotou y’inganda n’ubuhanga mu bya tekiniki, amaze igihe kinini akora ubushakashatsi ku binyabuzima ndetse n’imiyoborere y’ibidukikije, yavuze ko ikoranabuhanga rya mikorobe ryagiye ritera imbere mu buryo bunoze bwo gukemura ibibazo by’ibidukikije nk’amazi. umwanda.

Utuntu duto duto tugera ku bitangaza "kurugamba rufatika"

Mu mwaka mushya w'umwaka w'ingwe, biragaragara nyuma y'urubura i Caohai, Weining, Guizhou. Amajana ya crane yijosi ryumukara arabyina neza kurikiyaga. Amatsinda yinyamanswa yijimye rimwe na rimwe azamuka hasi rimwe na rimwe akina mumazi. Amagi yihuta kandi ahiga ku nkombe, akurura abahisi bahagarara. Reba, fata amafoto na videwo. Weining Caohai ni ikiyaga gisanzwe cy’amazi meza n’ikiyaga kinini kinini cy’amazi meza muri Guizhou. Mu myaka mike ishize ishize, ubwiyongere bwabaturage nibikorwa byinshi byabantu, Weining Caohai yigeze kurimbuka, umubiri wamazi uba eutropique.

Iri tsinda riyobowe na Zhou Shaoqi, Visi Perezida wa kaminuza ya Guizhou, ryatsinze ibibazo by’igihe kirekire bidashobora gukemuka mu rwego rw’ubushakashatsi bw’imyororokere y’ibinyabuzima ku isi, kandi bwifashishije ubuhanga bw’ikoranabuhanga rya mikorobe mu guha Caohai ubuzima bushya. Muri icyo gihe, itsinda rya Zhou Shaoqi ryanateje imbere ikoreshwa ry’ikoranabuhanga rishya n’ubuhanga mu bijyanye n’imiyoboro y’imyanda yo mu mijyi, gutunganya amazi y’amazi, imyanda y’imyanda n’imyanda yo mu cyaro, kandi byageze ku ntera ishimishije mu kurwanya umwanda.

Mu mwaka wa 2016, amazi y’umukara kandi anuka y’inzuzi za Xiaohe na Leifeng muri Zone y’ikoranabuhanga rikomeye rya Changsha yakunze kunengwa. Hunan Sanyou Kurengera Ibidukikije Kurengera Ibidukikije, Ltd yakoresheje uburyo bwo gukoresha mikorobe y’amazi kugira ngo ikemure ikibazo cy’umukara n’impumuro mu ruzi rwa Xiaohe mu kwezi kumwe nigice gusa, bituma ikoranabuhanga rya mikorobe rizwi cyane. Dr. Yi Jing wo muri iyo sosiyete yagize ati: "Mu gukoresha neza ibinyabuzima byo mu mazi no kubatera gukomeza kwiyongera ku bwinshi, twongeye gutunganya, kunoza no kunoza urusobe rw’ibinyabuzima by’amazi no kugarura ubushobozi bw’amazi yo kwisukura".

Ku bw'amahirwe, mu busitani bw’ikiyaga cy’iburengerazuba bw’umudugudu mushya wa Changhai, mu Karere ka Yangpu, muri Shanghai, mu cyuzi gitwikiriwe na algae nini y’ubururu, amazi y’icyatsi kibisi yanduye yahindutse umugezi usobanutse w’amafi yo koga, kandi n’amazi y’ikiyaga nayo yahindutse kuva mubi kurusha Icyiciro cya 5 ihinduka Icyiciro cya 2 cyangwa 3. Icyaremye iki gitangaza ni ikoranabuhanga rishya ryakozwe nitsinda ry’ibidukikije rishya ry’ikoranabuhanga rya kaminuza ya Tongji - sisitemu yo gukoresha mikorobe y’amazi. Iri koranabuhanga ryakoreshejwe kandi kuri metero kare 300.000 ya Haidong Wetland yo gusana ibidukikije no gutunganya ibidukikije ku nkombe y’iburasirazuba bw’ikiyaga cya Dianchi muri Yunnan.

Mu 2024, igihugu cyanjye cyatangije politiki nyinshi zijyanye no gutunganya imyanda hagamijwe guteza imbere imikoreshereze y’imyanda. Buri mwaka ubushobozi bwo gutunganya imyanda bwiyongereye, kandi ishoramari mu gutunganya imyanda y’inganda ryiyongereye. Kugeza ubu, hamwe n’imihindagurikire y’ibikorwa bya siyansi n’ikoranabuhanga ndetse no kuzamuka kw’amasosiyete menshi yo gucunga ibidukikije by’imbere mu gihugu, gutunganya imyanda ya mikorobe bizakoreshwa cyane mu nzego zitandukanye nk'ubwubatsi, ubuhinzi, ubwikorezi, ingufu, peteroli, kurengera ibidukikije, imijyi ibibanza, ibiryo byubuvuzi, nibindi