Ama-microorganisms ongawaboni aqala ukusebenza ngokulahlwa kwendle

Ukusebenzisa ubuchwepheshe be-microbial ukwelapha indle yasemadolobheni nasezindaweni zasemakhaya kunokusetshenziswa kwamandla okuphansi, ukusebenza kahle okuphezulu, inani elincane le-sludge eyinsalela, ukusebenza okulula nokuphatha, futhi kungazuza ukubuyiswa kwe-phosphorus kanye nokugaywa kabusha kwamanzi ahlanzekile. Njengamanje, ubuchwepheshe be-microbial kancane kancane buthuthuke baba yindlela ephumelelayo yokuxazulula izinkinga ezivelele zemvelo njengokungcoliswa kwamanzi.

Amanzi awumthombo obalulekile odingekayo ukuze umphakathi uthuthuke ngendlela eqhubekayo. Ngokuthuthuka kokukhula kwamadolobha kanye nokuthuthuka kwezimboni, ziya ngokwanda izinto ezingcolisayo okunzima ukuzisusa zingena endaweni engokwemvelo yamanzi, ezithinta ikhwalithi yamanzi futhi ekugcineni zibeke engozini impilo yabantu.

Umkhuba wesikhathi eside ufakazele ukuthi izindlela zendabuko zokuhlanza indle azikwazi ukuhlangabezana nezidingo zokususwa kwezinto ezingcolisa amanzi ezikhona, ngakho ucwaningo nokuthuthukiswa kobuchwepheshe bokwelapha obusha nobusebenzayo kuwumsebenzi wamanje oyinhloko.

Ubuchwepheshe bokwelapha amagciwane budonse ukunaka kwezazi eziningi ekhaya nasemazweni angaphandle ngenxa yezinzuzo zabo njengomphumela omuhle wokwelapha ongcolile, izinga eliphezulu lokunothisa lezinhlobo ezibusayo, umsebenzi ophezulu wamagciwane, ukumelana ngokuqinile nokuphazanyiswa kwemvelo, izindleko eziphansi zomnotho kanye nokusetshenziswa kabusha. Ngokuthuthuka kobuchwepheshe, ama-microorganisms angakwazi "ukudla ukungcola" kancane kancane asetshenziswe kabanzi emkhakheni wokuhlanza indle.

Ubuchwepheshe be-Microbial bunezinzuzo ezisobala ekwelapheni indle yasemadolobheni neyasemaphandleni

Ukungcoliswa kwamanzi ngokuvamile kubhekisela ekuwohlokeni kwezinga lamanzi kanye nokwehliswa kwenani lokusetshenziswa kwamanzi okubangelwa izici zabantu. Izinto ezingcolisa umoya eziyinhloko zihlanganisa udoti oqinile, i-aerobic organic matter, i-refractory organic matter, izinsimbi ezisindayo, imisoco yezitshalo, i-asidi, i-alkali ne-petroleum substances nezinye izinto zamakhemikhali.

Njengamanje, ukuhlanzwa kwendle okujwayelekile kuhlukanisa ukungcola okungancibiliki kusetshenziswa izindlela ezibonakalayo ezifana ne-gravity sedimentation, coagulation clarification, buoyancy, centrifugal separation, magnetic separation, noma ukuguqula ukungcola ngezindlela zamakhemikhali ezifana ne-acid-base neutralization, imvula yamakhemikhali, ukunciphisa i-oxidation, njll. Ngaphezu kwalokho, ukungcola okuncibilikisiwe emanzini kungahlukaniswa ngokusebenzisa i-adsorption, i-ion exchange, ukuhlukaniswa kwe-membrane, ukuhwamuka, ukuqandisa, njll.

Kodwa-ke, phakathi kwalezi zindlela zendabuko, izitshalo zokwelapha ezisebenzisa izindlela ezingokwenyama zokuhlanza indle ngokuvamile zihlala endaweni enkulu, zinengqalasizinda ephezulu kanye nezindleko zokusebenza, ukusetshenziswa kwamandla aphezulu, ukuphathwa okuyinkimbinkimbi, futhi zivame ukuvuvukala kwe-sludge. Izinto zokusebenza azikwazi ukuhlangabezana nezidingo zokusebenza kahle kakhulu nokusetshenziswa okuphansi; Izindlela zamakhemikhali zinezindleko eziphezulu zokusebenza, zidla inani elikhulu lama-reagents amakhemikhali, futhi zivame ukungcoliswa kwesibili.

Ukusebenzisa ubuchwepheshe be-microbial ukwelapha indle yasemadolobheni nasezindaweni zasemakhaya kunokusetshenziswa kwamandla okuphansi, ukusebenza kahle okuphezulu, inani elincane le-sludge eyinsalela, ukusebenza okulula nokuphatha, futhi kungazuza ukubuyiswa kwe-phosphorus kanye nokugaywa kabusha kwamanzi ahlanzekile. U-Wang Meixia, uthisha e-Inner Mongolia Baotou Light Industry Vocational and Technical College osekunesikhathi eside enza ucwaningo lwe-bioengineering kanye nokulawulwa kwemvelo, uthe ubuchwepheshe be-microbial buye baba yindlela ephumelelayo yokuxazulula izinkinga ezivelele zemvelo ezifana namanzi. ukungcola.

Ama-microorganisms amancane enza izimangaliso "ekulweni okungokoqobo"

Onyakeni Omusha Wonyaka Wengwe, kucaca ngemva kweqhwa eCaohai, Weining, Guizhou. Amakhulu ama-cranes anentamo emnyama adansa kamnandi echibini. Amaqembu amahansi ampunga ngezinye izikhathi andiza phansi futhi ngezinye izikhathi adlale emanzini. Ama-Egrets agijima futhi azingela ogwini, eheha abadlulayo ukuthi bame. Buka, thatha izithombe namavidiyo. I-Weining Caohai iyichibi elivamile lethafeni elinamanzi ahlanzekile kanye nechibi elikhulu kunawo wonke lamanzi ahlanzekile emvelo e-Guizhou. Emashumini ambalwa eminyaka adlule, ngokwanda kwenani labantu kanye nemisebenzi evamile yabantu, i-Weining Caohai yake yaba senqenqemeni yokunyamalala, futhi umzimba wamanzi waba yi-eutrophic.

Ithimba eliholwa uZhou Shaoqi, iPhini likaMongameli weNyuvesi yaseGuizhou, selinqobe izinkinga zesikhathi eside ezingenakuxazululeka emkhakheni wocwaningo lwe-biological denitrification emhlabeni, futhi lasebenzisa ngobuchule ubuchwepheshe bokukhishwa kwe-microbial denitrification ukunikeza uCaohai impilo entsha. Ngaso leso sikhathi, ithimba likaZhou Shaoqi liphinde lakhuthaza ukusetshenziswa kobuchwepheshe obusha kanye nobunjiniyela emikhakheni yendle yasemadolobheni, amanzi angcolile ahlanza uwoyela, imfucumfucu yokulahla imfucumfucu kanye nendle yasemaphandleni, futhi lazuza imiphumela emangalisayo ekulawuleni ukungcola.

Ngo-2016, amanzi amnyama nanukayo e-Xiaohe kanye neLeifeng Rivers e-Changsha High-tech Zone yaheha ukugxekwa. I-Hunan Sanyou Environmental Protection Technology Co., Ltd. yasebenzisa uhlelo lokuvula amagciwane emanzini ukuze kuqedwe inkinga emnyama nephunga eMfuleni i-Xiaohe ngenyanga eyodwa nesigamu nje, okwenza ubuchwepheshe be-microbial budume. "Ngokuvula ngempumelelo ama-microorganisms asemanzini futhi siwenze aqhubeke anda ngobuningi, sihlela kabusha, sithuthukisa futhi sandise i-ecosystem ye-water microbial futhi sibuyisela ikhono lokuzihlanza lomzimba wamanzi," kusho uDkt. Yi Jing wenkampani.

Kwenzeka lokhu nje, eWest Lake Garden yaseChanghai New Village, esifundeni saseYangpu, eShanghai, echibini elimbozwe ulwelwe olukhulu oluluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka, amanzi angcolile aluhlaza aphenduke umfudlana ocacile ukuze kubhukudwe izinhlanzi kuwo, kanye nezinga lamanzi echibini nalo. ishintshile isuka ekubeni yimbi kakhulu kuneSigaba 5 yaya esigabeni sesi-2 noma sesi-3. Okwadala lesi simangaliso ubuchwepheshe obusha obuthuthukiswe iThimba Le-Environmental New Technology Team yase-Tongji University - uhlelo lokuvula i-microbial yamanzi. Lobu buchwepheshe buye basetshenziswa kuphrojekthi yokubuyiselwa kwemvelo ye-Haidong Wetland eyizikwele ezingamamitha angu-300,000 ogwini olusempumalanga yeLake Dianchi eYunnan.

Ngo-2024, izwe lami lethule inqwaba yezinqubomgomo ezibandakanya ukukhucululwa kwendle ukuze kuthuthukiswe ukusetshenziswa kwezinsiza zendle. Amandla onyaka wokukhuculula indle anyusiwe, kanti nokutshalwa kwezimali ekukhuculweni kwendle ezimbonini kunyukile. Njengamanje, ngokuguqulwa kwezimpumelelo zesayensi nezobuchwepheshe kanye nokukhuphuka kwenani lezinkampani ezilawula imvelo yemvelo yasekhaya, ukulashwa kwendle okubangelwa yi-microbial kuzosetshenziswa kabanzi emikhakheni ehlukahlukene njengokwakha, ezolimo, ezokuthutha, amandla, amakhemikhali e-petrochemicals, ukuvikelwa kwemvelo, amadolobha. isimo sezwe, ukudla kwezokwelapha, njll.